The model analyzes five concepts regarding individualization and family relationships, and how we interact with one another in a family system. The five concepts to this model include: differentiation of self, triangles, multigenerational emotional processes, emotional cutoff, and societal emotional process (Nichols, 2014). A central focus of the Bowen theory is anxiety within the family, and emotional reactivity. The most significant conflict to understanding one another is the tendency to become emotionally reactive. Emotional reactivity occurs when the individual/s emotionally react, rather than listen; the person may even become defensive (Nichols, 2014). The Bowen model encourages individuals to become aware of their reactions and move towards self-control. Additionally, the Bowen model brings awareness to family conflicts and each member’s role, by guiding them toward an understanding of their family patterns, recognizing their own behaviors, as well as other family member’s behaviors. Bowen believed that anxiety is the root of the cause for family problems, and is the reason family members may be dependent, avoidant, and/or become emotionally reactive (Nichols, 2014). An overview of the key components to the Bowen model include: working with the family to increase self-differentiation, reduce anxiety, assist the family to understand their family structure and their individual role and behaviors that may influence their family function, as well as increase awareness and understanding among the client’s relationships in the family.
Bowen Family Systems Theory 